Editorial

Undergoing a traumatic experience can be a life-changing event, having a significant impact on individuals, families, communities, workplaces and societies. Traumatology is therefore a complex field of study demanding a sophisticated level of understanding to serve as a theory base. This article explores the potential for existentialist philosophy to make an important contribution to our understanding of trauma and its effects. It presents trauma as an existential injury and explores the psychosocial basis of traumatic experience — that is, conceptualising trauma as having both psychological and sociological dimensions, the combination of which has profound existential resonances. While the theoretical ideas discussed can be applied to trauma at any stage in the life course, this paper focuses in particular on childhood trauma. Consequently, child abuse is used as an example of how trauma can have a significant (and detrimental) effect on identity development, invoking a need for a commitment to trauma recovery.     

解释冲突的公断(Ⅰ)——论利科对当代诠释学的贡献

在当代诠释学领域中,各种诠释学理论相互冲突,方法论与存在论之间的冲突就是其中之一。利科立足西方哲学传统,通过现象学、语义学与反思环节,对诠释学方法论与存在论之间的关系做出了公断,解答了解释的冲突。     

Children's nurses' experiences of child protection: what helps?

This paper reports on one area of findings of a study undertaken in the spring of 2008 at a district general hospital in the south of England. Individual semi‐structured interviews using an interpretive phenomenological approach were undertaken with 15 nurses and midwives working in paediatrics who had been involved in child protection cases. The aim was to explore their views and feelings of the experience. Very little research was found to inform this subject and none specifically with nurses working with sick children. Interviews were taped, transcribed and analysed thematically. It was discovered that involvement in child protection has a lasting impact on individuals; nurses need procedural information from a knowledgeable supporter during a case; and they need support from the right person in the right place at the right time for them. The Named Nurse was identified as being crucial in giving effective support to individuals during child protection cases and trusted advice and support helps staff follow through on niggling concerns, potentially preventing abuse. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

实体主义批判——广松涉哲学视域中的西方哲学

在西方现代哲学各派日益把哲学逻辑化、语言化,使哲学之路越走越窄的理论背景下,广松涉以"物象化论"为哲学方法,对以康德、马赫、胡塞尔和海德格尔为代表的西方实体主义的哲学传统进行了批判,由此实现了从物的世界观到事的世界观、从实体主义到关系主义的哲学变革.在格外重视生态平衡与可持续发展的当代世界,关系主义应有实体主义所不具有的理论价值与现实意义.     

简论奥斯汀的语言分析方法

奥斯汀的语言分析方法是通过对语言各种用法之间的细微区别来说明这些用法的不同使用的哲学意义。对奥斯汀语言分析方法的理解,关键要看他是如何运用这种方法去分析具体的语词用法问题的。他对语言各种用法的细致考察,目的不是为了简单地说明字面上的意义,而是要表明,这些用法之间的区别反映了外在事实和世界中的细微区别。     

新制度经济学中的怨恨

新制度经济学突破了新古典经济学的范式,被视为经济学领域内的一场革命。运用价值现象学的方法可以揭示出新制度经济学的社会心理基础。怨恨构造了现代社会的精神气质,新制度经济学与这种精神气质是一致的,交易费用分析范式与近代思想对否定的创造性力量的强调是一致的。新制度经济学对制度起源及变迁的关注都与怨恨所造成的价值假象密切相关。怨恨使得现代人对世界的基本体验是怀疑,新制度经济学的个体主义分析方法也与这种基本体验有关。     

先验还原与现象学的世界问题

胡塞尔的先验现象学从怀疑论所揭示的自然认识的超越之谜入思,遵循直观明见性的原则,以向原初的经验视域回溯的最终奠基观念为引导,论证了先验还原的必然性。借此,通过先验还原的具体实行,开启了先验经验的研究领域。最终,在经验的视域结构的揭示中,凸显出现象学的世界问题性。     

A Phenomenological Study of Postdivorce Adjustment in Midlife

Today, 50% of all U.S. marriages are expected to end in divorce, with the majority of the divorces being granted to individuals between the ages of 45 and 54. Gaining an understanding of the lived experience of postdivorce adjustment as seen in midlife was the aim of this study. A phenomenological research design was used. The themes that emerged from the data included time, emotional pain, changes in postdivorce parenting, and a sense of starting over. The clinical implications of this study suggest that obtaining an understanding of the postdivorce adjustment experience might help mental health practitioners enhance care for divorced individuals, divorcing couples, and their family members.     

Career Counseling With Black Men: Applying Principles of Existential Psychotherapy

Counselors may benefit from applying principles of existential psychotherapy to career counseling with Black men. Existential psychotherapy asserts that there are 4 issues that all people experience: death, freedom, isolation, and meaning. The life experiences of Black men, including difficulty with their careers, suggest that they may struggle with these existential concerns, particularly finding meaning in their lives. Because work and issues in other domains of life (e.g., family, community) often intersect, an existentially based career counseling approach may prove useful. An overview of existential psychotherapy is presented, followed by a discussion of its applicability to career counseling with Black men. In addition to suggestions for career counselors, recommendations for training and professional development are offered.